Guam

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Introduction - Guam:

Country

Guam

Background

Guam was ceded to the US by Spain in 1898. Captured by the Japanese in 1941, it was retaken by the US three years later. The military installation on the island is one of the most strategically important US bases in the Pacific.

Location - Guam:

Location

Oceania, island in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines

Geographic coordinates

13 28 N, 144 47 E

Map references

Oceania

Area

total: 541.3 sq km
land: 541.3 sq km
water: 0 sq km

Area comparative

three times the size of Washington, DC

Land boundaries

0 km

Coastline

125.5 km

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Climate

tropical marine; generally warm and humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season (January to June), rainy season (July to December); little seasonal temperature variation

Terrain

volcanic origin, surrounded by coral reefs; relatively flat coralline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water), with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north, low hills in center, mountains in south

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Lamlam 406 m

Natural resources

fishing (largely undeveloped), tourism (especially from Japan)

Land use

arable land: 3.64%
permanent crops: 18.18%
other: 78.18% (2005)

Irrigated land

NA

Natural hazards

frequent squalls during rainy season; relatively rare, but potentially very destructive typhoons (June - December)

Environment current issues

extirpation of native bird population by the rapid proliferation of the brown tree snake, an exotic, invasive species

Geography note

largest and southernmost island in the Mariana Islands archipelago; strategic location in western North Pacific Ocean

People - Guam:

Population

173,456 (July 2007 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 28.6% (male 25,686/female 23,938)
15-64 years: 64.5% (male 57,023/female 54,872)
65 years and over: 6.9% (male 5,592/female 6,345) (2007 est.)

Dependency status

organized, unincorporated territory of the US with policy relations between Guam and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior

Median age

total: 28.8 years
male: 28.5 years
female: 29 years (2007 est.)

Population growth rate

1.4% (2007 est.)

Birth rate

18.56 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)

Death rate

4.56 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)

Net migration rate

0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.073 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.039 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.881 male(s)/female
total population: 1.037 male(s)/female (2007 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 6.68 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 7.35 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 78.76 years
male: 75.69 years
female: 82.01 years (2007 est.)

Total fertility rate

2.57 children born/woman (2007 est.)

Hiv aids adult prevalence rate

NA

Hiv aids people living with hiv aids

NA

Hiv aids deaths

NA

Nationality

noun: Guamanian(s) (US citizens)
adjective: Guamanian

Ethnic groups

Chamorro 37.1%, Filipino 26.3%, other Pacific islander 11.3%, white 6.9%, other Asian 6.3%, other ethnic origin or race 2.3%, mixed 9.8% (2000 census)

Religions

Roman Catholic 85%, other 15% (1999 est.)

Languages

English 38.3%, Chamorro 22.2%, Philippine languages 22.2%, other Pacific island languages 6.8%, Asian languages 7%, other languages 3.5% (2000 census)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99%
male: 99%
female: 99% (1990 est.)

Government - Guam:

Country name

conventional long form: Territory of Guam
conventional short form: Guam
local long form: Guahan
local short form: Guahan

Government type

NA

Capital

name: Hagatna (Agana)
geographic coordinates: 13 28 N, 144 44 E
time difference: UTC+10 (15 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Administrative divisions

none (territory of the US)

Independence

none (territory of the US)

National holiday

Discovery Day, first Monday in March (1521)

Constitution

Organic Act of Guam, 1 August 1950

Legal system

modeled on US; US federal laws apply

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal; US citizens, but do not vote in US presidential elections

Executive branch

chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)
head of government: Governor Felix P. CAMACHO (since 6 January 2003); Lieutenant Governor Dr. Michael W. CRUZ (since 1 January 2007)
cabinet: heads of executive departments; appointed by the governor with the consent of the Guam legislature
elections: under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as Guam, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year term (can serve two consecutive terms, then must wait a full term before running again); election last held 7 November 2006 (next to be held in November 2010)
election results: Felix P. CAMACHO reelected governor; Dr. Michael W. CRUZ elected lieutenant governor; percent of vote - NA

Legislative branch

unicameral Legislature (15 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms)
elections: last held 7 November 2006 (next to be held in November 2008)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Republican Party 8, Democratic Party 7
note: Guam elects one nonvoting delegate to the US House of Representatives; election last held 7 November 2006 (next to be held in November 2008); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party 1

Judicial branch

Federal District Court (judge is appointed by the president); Territorial Superior Court (judges appointed for eight-year terms by the governor)

Political parties and leaders

Democratic Party [leader Michael PHILLIPS]; Republican Party [Philip J. FLORES] (controls the legislature)

Political pressure groups and leaders

NA

International organization participation

IOC, SPC, UPU

Diplomatic representation in the us

none (territory of the US)

Diplomatic representation from the us

none (territory of the US)

Flag description

territorial flag is dark blue with a narrow red border on all four sides; centered is a red-bordered, pointed, vertical ellipse containing a beach scene, outrigger canoe with sail, and a palm tree with the word GUAM superimposed in bold red letters; US flag is the national flag

Economy - Guam:

Economy overview

The economy depends largely on US military spending and tourism. Total US grants, wage payments, and procurement outlays amounted to $1.3 billion in 2004. Over the past 30 years, the tourist industry has grown to become the largest income source following national defense. The Guam economy continues to experience expansion in both its tourism and military sectors.

Gdp purchasing power parity

$2.5 billion (2005 est.)

Gdp official exchange rate

$2.773 billion (2001)

Gdp real growth rate

NA%

Gdp per capita ppp

$15,000 (2005 est.)

Gdp composition by sector

agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA%

Labor force

62,050 (2002 est.)

Labor force by occupation

agriculture: 26%
industry: 10%
services: 64% (2004 est.)

Unemployment rate

11.4% (2002 est.)

Population below poverty line

23% (2001 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%

Inflation rate consumer prices

2.5% (2005 est.)

Budget

revenues: $319.6 million
expenditures: $427.8 million (2002 est.)

Agriculture products

fruits, copra, vegetables; eggs, pork, poultry, beef

Industries

US military, tourism, construction, transshipment services, concrete products, printing and publishing, food processing, textiles

Industrial production growth rate

NA%

Electricity production

1.764 billion kWh (2004)

Electricity consumption

1.641 billion kWh (2004)

Electricity exports

0 kWh (2004)

Electricity imports

0 kWh (2004)

Oil production

0 bbl/day (2004 est.)

Oil consumption

16,000 bbl/day (2004 est.)

Oil exports

NA bbl/day

Oil imports

NA bbl/day

Oil proved reserves

0 bbl

Natural gas production

0 cu m (2004 est.)

Natural gas consumption

0 cu m (2004 est.)

Exports

$45 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Exports commodities

mostly transshipments of refined petroleum products; construction materials, fish, food and beverage products

Exports partners

Japan 67.2%, Singapore 11.6%, UK 4.8% (2006)

Imports

$701 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Imports commodities

petroleum and petroleum products, food, manufactured goods

Imports partners

Singapore 50%, South Korea 21.4%, Japan 14%, Hong Kong 4.6% (2006)

Debt external

$NA

Economic aid recipient

Guam receives large transfer payments from the US Federal Treasury ($143 million in 1997) into which Guamanians pay no income or excise taxes; under the provisions of a special law of Congress, the Guam Treasury, rather than the US Treasury, receives federal income taxes paid by military and civilian Federal employees stationed in Guam (2001 est.)

Currency code

US dollar (USD)

Exchange rates

the US dollar is used

Communications - Guam:

Fiscal year

1 October - 30 September

Telephones main lines in use

80,000 (2001)

Telephones mobile cellular

98,000 (2004)

Telephone system

general assessment: modern system, integrated with US facilities for direct dialing, including free use of 800 numbers
domestic: modern digital system, including cellular mobile service and local access to the Internet
international: country code - 1-671; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); submarine cables to US and Japan (Guam is a trans-Pacific communications hub for MCI, Sprint, AT&T, IT&E, and GTE, linking the US and Asia)

Radio broadcast stations

AM 3, FM 11, shortwave 2 (2005)

Television broadcast stations

3 (2006)

Internet country code

.gu

Internet hosts

76 (2006)

Internet users

65,000 (2005)

Transportation - Guam:

Airports

5 (2006)

Airports with paved runways

total: 4
over 3,047 m: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)

Airports with unpaved runways

total: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2006)

Roadways

total: 977 km (2004)

Ports and terminals

Apra Harbor

Military - Guam:

Military note

defense is the responsibility of the US

This page was last updated on 16 September, 2007
Source: CIA >>>


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