| Introduction - Ethiopia: |
| Location - Ethiopia: |
| People - Ethiopia: |
| Government - Ethiopia: |
| Economy - Ethiopia: |
Economy overview | Ethiopias poverty-stricken economy is based on agriculture, accounting for almost half of GDP, 60% of exports, and 80% of total employment. The agricultural sector suffers from frequent drought and poor cultivation practices. Coffee is critical to the Ethiopian economy with exports of some $350 million in 2006, but historically low prices have seen many farmers switching to qat to supplement income. The war with Eritrea in 1998-2000 and recurrent drought have buffeted the economy, in particular coffee production. In November 2001, Ethiopia qualified for debt relief from the Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative, and in December 2005 the IMF voted to forgive Ethiopias debt to the body. Under Ethiopias land tenure system, the government owns all land and provides long-term leases to the tenants; the system continues to hamper growth in the industrial sector as entrepreneurs are unable to use land as collateral for loans. Drought struck again late in 2002, leading to a 3.3% decline in GDP in 2003. Normal weather patterns helped agricultural and GDP growth recover in 2004-06. |
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Gdp purchasing power parity | $74.88 billion (2006 est.) |
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Gdp official exchange rate | $13.32 billion (FY05/06 est.) |
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Gdp real growth rate | 10.6% (2006 est.) |
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Gdp per capita ppp | $1,000 (2006 est.) |
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Gdp composition by sector | agriculture: 46.7%
industry: 12.9%
services: 40.4% (2006 est.) |
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Labor force | 27.27 million (1999) |
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Labor force by occupation | agriculture: 80%
industry: 8%
services: 12% (1985) |
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Unemployment rate | NA% |
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Population below poverty line | 38.7% (FY05/06 est.) |
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Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: 3%
highest 10%: 33.7% (1995) |
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Distribution of family income gini index | 30 (2000) |
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Inflation rate consumer prices | 13% (2006 est.) |
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Investment gross fixed | 20% of GDP (2006 est.) |
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Budget | revenues: $2.679 billion
expenditures: $3.388 billion; including capital expenditures of $788 million (2006 est.) |
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Public debt | 80.3% of GDP (2006 est.) |
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Agriculture products | cereals, pulses, coffee, oilseed, cotton, sugarcane, potatoes, qat, cut flowers; hides, cattle, sheep, goats; fish |
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Industries | food processing, beverages, textiles, leather, chemicals, metals processing, cement |
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Industrial production growth rate | 7.4% (2001 est.) |
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Electricity production | 2.294 billion kWh (2004) |
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Electricity consumption | 2.133 billion kWh (2004) |
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Electricity exports | 0 kWh (2004) |
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Electricity imports | 0 kWh (2004) |
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Oil production | 0 bbl/day (2004 est.) |
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Oil consumption | 29,000 bbl/day (2004 est.) |
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Oil exports | NA bbl/day |
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Oil imports | NA bbl/day |
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Oil proved reserves | 428,000 bbl (1 January 2005) |
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Natural gas production | 0 cu m (2004 est.) |
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Natural gas consumption | 0 cu m (2004 est.) |
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Natural gas proved reserves | 24.92 billion cu m (1 January 2005 est.) |
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Current account balance | -$3.384 billion (FY05/06 est.) |
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Exports | $1.085 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) |
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Exports commodities | coffee, qat, gold, leather products, live animals, oilseeds |
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Exports partners | China 10.5%, Germany 8.7%, Japan 7.4%, US 6.8%, Saudi Arabia 5.8%, Djibouti 5.8%, Switzerland 5.1%, Italy 5% (2006) |
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Imports | $4.105 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) |
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Imports commodities | food and live animals, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, machinery, motor vehicles, cereals, textiles |
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Imports partners | Saudi Arabia 18.1%, China 11.4%, India 8.1%, Italy 5.1% (2006) |
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Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | $1.108 billion (2006 est.) |
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Debt external | $6.038 billion (2006 est.) |
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Economic aid recipient | $1.6 billion (FY05/06) |
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Currency code | birr (ETB) |
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Exchange rates | birr per US dollar - 8.69 (2006), 8.68 (2005), 8.6356 (2004), 8.5997 (2003), 8.5678 (2002)
note: since 24 October 2001 exchange rates are determined on a daily basis via interbank transactions regulated by the Central Bank |
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| Communications - Ethiopia: |
| Transportation - Ethiopia: |
| Military - Ethiopia: |
This page was last updated on 16 September, 2007
